1. Nagpal, Monika, and Shaveta Sood. “Role of curcumin in systemic and oral health: An overview.” Journal of natural science, biology, and medicine vol. 4,1 (2013): 3-7. doi:10.4103/0976-9668.107253
Turmeric is considered a safe, nontoxic, and effective alternative for many conventional drugs due to its distinguished therapeutic properties and multiple effects on various systems of the body.
2. He, Yan et al. “Curcumin, inflammation, and chronic diseases: how are they linked?.” Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 20,5 9183-213. 20 May. 2015, doi:10.3390/molecules20059183
Research to date suggests that chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and most chronic diseases are closely linked, and the antioxidant properties of curcumin can play a key role in the prevention and treatment of chronic inflammation diseases.
3. Shoba, G et al. “Influence of piperine on the pharmacokinetics of curcumin in animals and human volunteers.” Planta medica vol. 64,4 (1998): 353-6. doi:10.1055/s-2006-957450
The study shows that in the dosages used, piperine enhances the serum concentration, extent of absorption and bioavailability of curcumin in both rats and humans with no adverse effects. Piperine is a natural substance that enhances the absorption of curcumin by 2,000%.
4. Slika, Layal, and Digambara Patra. “Traditional Uses, Therapeutic Effects and Recent Advances of Curcumin: A Mini-Review.” Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry vol. 20,12 (2020): 1072-1082. doi:10.2174/1389557520666200414161316
Curcumin is commonly used for its antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, anti-diabetic, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective effects. Curcumin has been greatly reported to prevent many diseases through modulating several signaling pathways, and the molecular bases of its anti-tumor bioactivities are imputed to the antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic, anti-angiogenesis and anti-metastasis effects.
5. Menon, Venugopal P, and Adluri Ram Sudheer. “Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin.” Advances in experimental medicine and biology vol. 595 (2007): 105-25. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-46401-5_3
The anti-inflammatory effect of curcumin is most likely mediated through its ability to inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), lipoxygenase (LOX), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). COX-2, LOX, and iNOS are important enzymes that mediate inflammatory processes. Improper upregulation of COX-2 and/or iNOS has been associated with the pathophysiology of certain types of human cancer as well as inflammatory disorders.
6. Dong, Suzhen et al. “Curcumin enhances neurogenesis and cognition in aged rats: implications for transcriptional interactions related to growth and synaptic plasticity.” PloS one vol. 7,2 (2012): e31211. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0031211
In this study, researchers assessed behavioral performance and hippocampal cell proliferation in aged rats after 6 and 12 week curcumin-fortified diets. Curcumin enhanced non-spatial and spatial memory, as well as dentate gyrate cell proliferation as compared to control diet rats. The results suggest a neurogenesis- and cognition-enhancing potential of prolonged curcumin treatment in aged rats, which may be due to its diverse effects on genes related to growth and plasticity.
7. Jiang, Shuai et al. “Curcumin as a potential protective compound against cardiac diseases.” Pharmacological research vol. 119 (2017): 373-383. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2017.03.001
Cardiac diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide and cause considerable harm to human beings. Numerous studies have suggested that curcumin exerts a protective role in the human body whereas its actions in cardiac diseases remain elusive and poorly understood. The information compiled here may serve as a comprehensive reference of the protective effects of curcumin in the heart, which is significant to the further research and design of curcumin analogs as therapeutic options for cardiac diseases.
8. Santos-Parker, Jessica R et al. “Curcumin supplementation improves vascular endothelial function in healthy middle-aged and older adults by increasing nitric oxide bioavailability and reducing oxidative stress.” Aging vol. 9,1 (2017): 187-208. doi:10.18632/aging.101149
In healthy middle-aged and older adults, 12 weeks of curcumin supplementation improves resistance artery endothelial function by increasing vascular nitric oxide bioavailability and reducing oxidative stress, while also improving conduit artery endothelial function.
9. Giordano, Antonio, and Giuseppina Tommonaro. “Curcumin and Cancer.” Nutrients vol. 11,10 2376. 5 Oct. 2019, doi:10.3390/nu11102376
Curcumin, a polyphenol extracted from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa, belong to the most promising group of bioactive natural compounds, especially in the treatment of several cancer types. As reported in the present review, curcumin exhibits anticancer ability by targeting different cell signaling pathways including growth factors, cytokines, transcription factors, and genes modulating cellular proliferation and apoptosis.
10. Chen, Min et al. “Use of curcumin in diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.” Neural regeneration research vol. 13,4 (2018): 742-752. doi:10.4103/1673-5374.230303
For prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease, curcumin has been shown to effectively maintain the normal structure and function of cerebral vessels, mitochondria, and synapses, reduce risk factors for a variety of chronic diseases, and decrease the risk of Alzheimer's disease. The effect of curcumin on Alzheimer's disease involves multiple signaling pathways: anti-amyloid and metal iron chelating properties, antioxidation and anti-inflammatory activities.
